317 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
317 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
/*!
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@page moving Moving from GLFW 2 to 3
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@tableofcontents
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This is a transition guide for moving from GLFW 2 to 3. It describes what has
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changed or been removed, but does *not* include
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[new features](@ref news) unless they are required when moving an existing code
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base onto the new API. For example, use of the new multi-monitor functions are
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required to create full screen windows with GLFW 3.
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@section moving_removed Removed features
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@subsection moving_threads Threading functions
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The threading functions have been removed, including the sleep function. They
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were fairly primitive, under-used, poorly integrated and took time away from the
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focus of GLFW (i.e. context, input and window). There are better threading
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libraries available and native threading support is available in both C++11 and
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C11, both of which are gaining traction.
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If you wish to use the C++11 or C11 facilities but your compiler doesn't yet
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support them, see the
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[TinyThread++](https://gitorious.org/tinythread/tinythreadpp) and
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[TinyCThread](https://gitorious.org/tinythread/tinycthread) projects created by
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the original author of GLFW. These libraries implement a usable subset of the
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threading APIs in C++11 and C11, and in fact some GLFW 3 test programs use
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TinyCThread.
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However, GLFW 3 has better support for *use from multiple threads* than GLFW
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2 had. Contexts can be made current on and rendered with from secondary
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threads, and the documentation explicitly states which functions may be used
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from secondary threads and which may only be used from the main thread, i.e. the
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thread that calls main.
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@subsection moving_image Image and texture loading
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The image and texture loading functions have been removed. They only supported
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the Targa image format, making them mostly useful for beginner level examples.
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To become of sufficiently high quality to warrant keeping them in GLFW 3, they
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would need not only to support other formats, but also modern extensions to the
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OpenGL texturing facilities. This would either add a number of external
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dependencies (libjpeg, libpng, etc.), or force GLFW to ship with inline versions
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of these libraries.
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As there already are libraries doing this, it seems unnecessary both to
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duplicate this work and to tie this duplicate to GLFW. Projects similar to
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GLFW, such as freeglut, could also gain from such a library. Also, would be no
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platform-specific part of such a library, as both OpenGL and stdio are available
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wherever GLFW is.
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@subsection moving_char_up Character actions
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The action parameter of the [character callback](@ref GLFWcharfun) has been
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removed. This was an artefact of the origin of GLFW, i.e. being developed in
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English by a Swede. However, many keyboard layouts require more than one key to
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produce characters with diacritical marks. Even the Swedish keyboard layout
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requires this for uncommon cases like ü.
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Note that this is only the removal of the *action parameter* of the character
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callback, *not* the removal of the character callback itself.
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@subsection moving_wheel Mouse wheel position
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The `glfwGetMouseWheel` function has been removed. Scroll events do not
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represent an absolute state, but is instead an interpretation of a relative
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change in state, like character input. So, like character input, there is no
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sane 'current state' to return. The mouse wheel callback has been replaced by
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a [scroll callback](@ref GLFWscrollfun) that receives two-dimensional scroll
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offsets.
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@subsection moving_stdcall GLFWCALL macro
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The `GLFWCALL` macro, which made callback functions use
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[__stdcall](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/zxk0tw93.aspx) on Windows,
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has been removed. GLFW is written in C, not Pascal. Removing this macro means
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there's one less thing for users of GLFW to remember, i.e. the requirement to
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mark all callback functions with `GLFWCALL`. It also simplifies the creation of
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DLLs and DLL link libraries, as there's no need to explicitly disable `@n` entry
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point suffixes.
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@subsection moving_mbcs Win32 MBCS support
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The Win32 port of GLFW 3 will not compile in
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[MBCS mode](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/5z097dxa.aspx).
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However, because the use of the Unicode version of the Win32 API doesn't affect
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the process as a whole, but only those windows created using it, it's perfectly
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possible to call MBCS functions from other parts of the same application.
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Therefore, even if an application using GLFW has MBCS mode code, there's no need
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for GLFW itself to support it.
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@subsection moving_windows Support for versions of Windows older than XP
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All explicit support for version of Windows older than XP has been removed.
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There is no code that actively prevents GLFW 3 from running on these earlier
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versions, but it uses Win32 functions that those versions lack.
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Windows XP was released in 2001, and by now (2013) it has not only
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replaced almost all earlier versions of Windows, but is itself rapidly being
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replaced by Windows 7 and 8. The MSDN library doesn't even provide
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documentation for version older than Windows 2000, making it difficult to
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maintain compatibility with these versions even if it was deemed worth the
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effort.
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The Win32 API has also not stood still, and GLFW 3 uses many functions only
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present on Windows XP or later. Even supporting an OS as new as XP (new
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from the perspective of GLFW 2, which still supports Windows 95) requires
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runtime checking for a number of functions that are present only on modern
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version of Windows.
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@subsection moving_syskeys Capture of system-wide hotkeys
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The ability to disable and capture system-wide hotkeys like Alt+Tab has been
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removed. Modern applications, whether they're games, scientific visualisations
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or something else, are nowadays expected to be good desktop citizens and allow
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these hotkeys to function even when running in full screen mode.
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@subsection moving_opened Window open parameter
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The `GLFW_OPENED` window parameter has been removed. As long as the
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[window object](@ref window_object) is around, the window is "open". To detect
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when the user attempts to close the window, see @ref glfwWindowShouldClose and
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the [close callback](@ref GLFWwindowclosefun).
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@subsection moving_autopoll Automatic polling of events
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GLFW 3 does not automatically poll for events on @ref glfwSwapBuffers, which
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means you need to call @ref glfwPollEvents or @ref glfwWaitEvents yourself.
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Unlike buffer swap, the event processing functions act on all windows at once.
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@subsection moving_terminate Automatic termination
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GLFW 3 does not register @ref glfwTerminate with `atexit` at initialization. To
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properly release all resources allocated by GLFW, you should therefore call @ref
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glfwTerminate yourself before exiting.
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@subsection moving_glu GLU header inclusion
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GLFW 3 does not include the GLU header by default and GLU itself has been
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deprecated, but you can request that the GLFW 3 header includes it by defining
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`GLFW_INCLUDE_GLU` before the inclusion of the GLFW 3 header.
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@section moving_changed Changes to existing features
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@subsection moving_window_handles Window handles
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Because GLFW 3 supports multiple windows, window handle parameters have been
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added to all window-related GLFW functions and callbacks. The handle of
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a newly created window is returned by @ref glfwCreateWindow (formerly
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`glfwOpenWindow`). Window handles are of the `GLFWwindow*` type, i.e. a pointer
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to an opaque struct.
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@subsection moving_monitor Multi-monitor support
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GLFW 3 provides support for multiple monitors, adding the `GLFWmonitor*` handle
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type and a set of related functions. To request a full screen mode window,
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instead of passing `GLFW_FULLSCREEN` you specify which monitor you wish the
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window to use. There is @ref glfwGetPrimaryMonitor that provides behaviour
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similar to that of GLFW 2.
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@subsection moving_window_close Window closing
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Window closing is now just an event like any other. GLFW 3 windows won't
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disappear from underfoot even when no close callback is set; instead the
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window's close flag is set. You can query this flag using @ref
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glfwWindowShouldClose, or capture close events by setting a close callback. The
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close flag can be modified from any point in your program using @ref
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glfwSetWindowShouldClose.
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@subsection moving_context Explicit context management
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Each GLFW 3 window has its own OpenGL context and only you, the user, can know
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which context should be current on which thread at any given time. Therefore,
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GLFW 3 makes no assumptions about when you want a certain context to be current,
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leaving that decision to you.
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This means, among other things, that you need to call @ref
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glfwMakeContextCurrent after creating a window before you can call any OpenGL
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functions.
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@subsection moving_repeat Key repeat
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The `GLFW_KEY_REPEAT` enable has been removed and key repeat is always enabled
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for both keys and characters. A new key action, `GLFW_REPEAT`, has been added
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to allow the [key callback](@ref GLFWkeyfun) to distinguish an initial key press
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from a repeat. Note that @ref glfwGetKey still returns only `GLFW_PRESS` or
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`GLFW_RELEASE`.
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@subsection moving_keys Physical key input
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GLFW 3 key tokens map to physical keys, unlike in GLFW 2 where they mapped to
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the values generated by the current keyboard layout. The tokens are named
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according to the values they would have using the standard US layout, but this
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is only a convenience, as most programmers are assumed to know that layout.
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This means that (for example) `GLFW_KEY_LEFT_BRACKET` is always a single key and
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is the same key in the same place regardless of what keyboard layouts the users
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of your program has.
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The key input facility was never meant for text input, although using it that
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way worked slightly better in GLFW 2. If you were using it to input text, you
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should be using the character callback instead, on both GLFW 2 and 3. This will
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give you the characters being input, as opposed to the keys being pressed.
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GLFW 3 has key tokens for all keys on a standard 105 key keyboard, so instead of
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having to remember whether to check for `'a'` or `'A'`, you now check for
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`GLFW_KEY_A`.
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@subsection moving_joystick Joystick input
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The `glfwGetJoystickPos` function has been renamed to @ref glfwGetJoystickAxes.
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The `glfwGetJoystickParam` function and the `GLFW_PRESENT`, `GLFW_AXES` and
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`GLFW_BUTTONS` tokens have been replaced by the @ref glfwJoystickPresent
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function as well as axis and button counts returned by the @ref
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glfwGetJoystickAxes and @ref glfwGetJoystickButtons functions.
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@subsection moving_video_modes Video mode enumeration
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Video mode enumeration is now per-monitor. The @ref glfwGetVideoModes function
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now returns all available modes for a specific monitor instead of requiring you
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to guess how large an array you need. The `glfwGetDesktopMode` function, which
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had poorly defined behavior, has been replaced by @ref glfwGetVideoMode, which
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returns the current mode of a monitor.
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@subsection moving_cursor Cursor positioning
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GLFW 3 only allows you to position the cursor within a window using @ref
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glfwSetCursorPos (formerly `glfwSetMousePos`) when that window is active.
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Unless the window is active, the function fails silently.
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@subsection moving_hints Persistent window hints
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Window hints are no longer reset to their default values on window creation, but
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instead retain their values until modified by @ref glfwWindowHint (formerly
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`glfwOpenWindowHint`) or @ref glfwDefaultWindowHints, or until the library is
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terminated and re-initialized.
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@section moving_renamed Name changes
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@subsection moving_renamed_files Library and header file
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The GLFW 3 header is named @ref glfw3.h and moved to the `GLFW` directory, to
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avoid collisions with the headers of other major versions. Similarly, the GLFW
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3 library is named `glfw3,` except when it's installed as a shared library on
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Unix-like systems, where it uses the
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[soname](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/soname) `libglfw.so.3`.
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@subsection moving_renamed_functions Functions
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| GLFW 2 | GLFW 3 | Notes |
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| --------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ----- |
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| `glfwOpenWindow` | @ref glfwCreateWindow | All channel bit depths are now hints
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| `glfwCloseWindow` | @ref glfwDestroyWindow | |
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| `glfwOpenWindowHint` | @ref glfwWindowHint | Now accepts all `GLFW_*_BITS` tokens |
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| `glfwEnable` | @ref glfwSetInputMode | |
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| `glfwDisable` | @ref glfwSetInputMode | |
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| `glfwGetMousePos` | @ref glfwGetCursorPos | |
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| `glfwSetMousePos` | @ref glfwSetCursorPos | |
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| `glfwSetMousePosCallback` | @ref glfwSetCursorPosCallback | |
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| `glfwSetMouseWheelCallback` | @ref glfwSetScrollCallback | Accepts two-dimensional scroll offsets as doubles |
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| `glfwGetJoystickPos` | @ref glfwGetJoystickAxes | |
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| `glfwGetWindowParam` | @ref glfwGetWindowAttrib | |
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| `glfwGetGLVersion` | @ref glfwGetWindowAttrib | Use `GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR`, `GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR` and `GLFW_CONTEXT_REVISION` |
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| `glfwGetDesktopMode` | @ref glfwGetVideoMode | Returns the current mode of a monitor |
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| `glfwGetJoystickParam` | @ref glfwJoystickPresent | The axis and button counts are provided by @ref glfwGetJoystickAxes and @ref glfwGetJoystickButtons |
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@subsection moving_renamed_tokens Tokens
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| GLFW 2 | GLFW 3 | Notes |
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| --------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ----- |
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| `GLFW_OPENGL_VERSION_MAJOR` | `GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR` | Renamed as it applies to OpenGL ES as well |
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| `GLFW_OPENGL_VERSION_MINOR` | `GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR` | Renamed as it applies to OpenGL ES as well |
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| `GLFW_FSAA_SAMPLES` | `GLFW_SAMPLES` | Renamed to match the OpenGL API |
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| `GLFW_ACTIVE` | `GLFW_FOCUSED` | Renamed to match the window focus callback |
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| `GLFW_WINDOW_NO_RESIZE` | `GLFW_RESIZABLE` | The default has been inverted |
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| `GLFW_MOUSE_CURSOR` | `GLFW_CURSOR` | Used with @ref glfwSetInputMode |
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| `GLFW_KEY_ESC` | `GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_DEL` | `GLFW_KEY_DELETE` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_PAGEUP` | `GLFW_KEY_PAGE_UP` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_PAGEDOWN` | `GLFW_KEY_PAGE_DOWN` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_KP_NUM_LOCK` | `GLFW_KEY_NUM_LOCK` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_LCTRL` | `GLFW_KEY_LEFT_CONTROL` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_LSHIFT` | `GLFW_KEY_LEFT_SHIFT` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_LALT` | `GLFW_KEY_LEFT_ALT` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_LSUPER` | `GLFW_KEY_LEFT_SUPER` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_RCTRL` | `GLFW_KEY_RIGHT_CONTROL` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_RSHIFT` | `GLFW_KEY_RIGHT_SHIFT` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_RALT` | `GLFW_KEY_RIGHT_ALT` | |
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| `GLFW_KEY_RSUPER` | `GLFW_KEY_RIGHT_SUPER` | |
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*/
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